Phetchaburi,
locally known by Thais as Muang Phetch, is located 160 kilometers
south of Bangkok. One of Thailands central region provinces, Phetchaburi
is situated on the western shore of the Gulf of Thailand with
an overall area of approximately 6,225 square kilometers. Its
terrains throughout the western border, where Tanaosri Range lies
as a natural border between Thailand and Myanmar, are mountainous
dense jungles. In the east, there is an 80-kilometer long coastline
towards the Gulf of Thailand.
A very old city which used to be an important royal fort town,
Phetchaburi had been given several names such as, Phripphri, Phripphli
or Phetchaphli. Some historians have gone as far as to say that
Phetchaburi could have been named in Indian style, as the Indian
influence in those days day was strong. Others put forward the
idea that the name Phetchaburi might have originated from Maenam
Phetch the most important river of the town.
Whatever the assumptions are, the fact that Phetchaburi is an
ancient city with a very long history is undeniable. This has
been proven by many archaeological findings which could be dated
back to the Dvaravati Period.
During Sukhothai and Ayutthaya Kingdoms, Phetchaburi was a strategic
royal fort in the west. Only a lineage of Kings had the rights
to rule this historical city. That is why Phetchaburi has been
called by some scholars as the "Living Ayutthaya" as
the town shares many similar things to the City of Ayutthaya.
The prosperity of the Ayutthaya Kingdom can be seen and appreciated
in Phetchaburi's wealth of fine old temples.
In the Rattanakosin Era, Phetchaburi has changed its character
to a town of charming beauty, with peaceful seaside resorts and
superb natural reserves. The three Kings of the Rattanakosin Period,
King Rama IV, V, and VI established their retreats here. They
built the three palaces namely Phranakhonkhiri, Phraramrajanivet,
Phrarajnivesmarugadayawan in Phetchaburi thus, Phetchaburi is
also known as Muang Sam Wang (the city of the three Palaces).
The province is also well known for its splendid historical park,
ancient temples, wonderful beaches and caves, as well as a great
variety of local and fresh seafood. Phetchaburi also has a popular
resort town, Cha-am which is the premier beach resort in the province.
The majority of the local residents are engaged in agricultural
activities including rice farming, upland crop farming, fruit
farming, palm sugar production, animal husbandry and sea and fresh
water fisheries.
There are three important Maenam in Phetchaburi including "Maenam
Phetchaburi with an overall length of 227 kilometers, "Maenam
Bang Kloy", with an overall length of 44 kilometers, and
"Maenam Bang Tabun", with an overall length of 18 kilometers.
